Q01. What types of plant growing lights are available?

In order for plants to grow, their leaves must be exposed to sunlight for photosynthesis.
You may have experienced that plants grow well in sunny areas, but grow poorly in shade.
Humans obtain nutrients from food, but plants produce nutrients for growth through photosynthesis.

However, if you rely on sunlight, you may be greatly affected by the weather, or you may want to place your plants in a place where sunlight cannot reach them.
Plant growth lights are artificial lights developed to encourage photosynthesis without being affected by sunlight.

When you use a grow light, the amount of light does not change depending on the weather like sunlight.
This allows for a stable and continuous irradiation of sufficient light for plants.

There are four main types of grow lights.

１. LED light

LED lights are currently the most commonly used light source for growing plants.
Normal growth of plants requires at least 1,000 to 1,500 lux of illuminance, but LED lights can provide a large amount of light with little energy and can be used efficiently as they consume less electricity.

Another advantage is that you can choose a variety of light levels depending on the installation location and size while maintaining the same light quality.
In addition, since LED lights can emit light in a single color, it is possible to generate and irradiate only the red and blue wavelengths used for photosynthesis.

Due to these advantages, LED lights have become mainstream in recent years not only for plant factories but also for home plant cultivation.

２. Fluorescent light

Until LED lights were put into practical use, fluorescent lights were the light source that was often used for cultivation in plant factories.
They can be introduced at low cost and have the advantage of emitting less heat than incandescent bulbs or halogen bulbs.

However, even though they emit less heat, they do have some disadvantages, such as the fact that they generate a certain amount of heat when used for long periods of time, and that the light intensity decreases after a few months, and that they have a short lifespan.

３. HID lamp

A general term for high-intensity discharge lamps that utilize discharge between electrodes.
There are several types of lamps, including high-pressure mercury lamps, metal halide lamps, and high-pressure sodium lamps, and they are often used in automobile headlights, gymnasiums, large commercial facilities, stadiums, and golf course lighting.

They used to be the main light source used in plant factories because they have a longer lifespan and provide more efficient light than traditional incandescent light bulbs.
However, they emit a large amount of heat and cannot be brought close to plants, making them unsuitable for multi-tiered cultivation.They are also more expensive and difficult to handle than LED lights, making them unsuitable for home cultivation.

４. Halogen light

They are brighter than incandescent bulbs, have a pale warm color, and produce a high amount of heat.
Depending on the plant, the heat may be too strong and cause the leaves and fruit to burn.
Halogen has a high chlorophyll absorption rate and can grow plants, but it must be adjusted so that too much heat is transferred.

Various types of lights have been used in the past for growing plants, but due to cost and efficiency considerations, most of the lights have now shifted to LED lights.

Q02. Can any plants grow with LED lights?

Photosynthesis using sunlight and carbon dioxide is essential for plant growth.
When the sun is not out or in areas without sunlight, alternative lighting must be provided to compensate for the lack of light.
This is where grow lights come in handy.

The light that plants use for photosynthesis is mainly the red and blue wavelengths found in sunlight.
A plant growing light can emit light of the wavelength (color) necessary for photosynthesis.

Plants have a light sensor protein called phytochrome that detects red light, and red light regulates flower formation and seed germination.
Blue light regulates growth through a light sensor protein called cryptochrome, and by exposing plants to these two colors, red and blue, healthy plant growth is regulated.

LED lights are the most popular type of grow light.
LED lights can energy-efficiently emit only the wavelengths of sunlight used for photosynthesis and growth regulation, making them more suitable for growing plants than other types of lights such as fluorescent lights, halogen lights, and HID lights.

Plants require at least 1,000 to 1,500 lux of light to grow well, and LED lights can more than compensate for this.
Not only can it be grown well even in a dark room, but it can also provide more light than regular lights, promoting strong and fine growth.
Although it is possible to grow with regular light, there are cases where the wavelengths necessary for photosynthesis do not match, or the amount of light is insufficient, or conversely, the amount of light or heat is too strong, causing the leaves to burn, so it is recommended for beginners. I can't really recommend it.

Additionally, halogen and HID devices tend to accumulate heat and consume more power than LEDs, leading to higher electricity bills.
It can be said that using a plant grow light that efficiently emits a lot of light necessary for growing plants is energy efficient, safe and secure.

The amount and intensity of light required differs depending on the plant, so you need to choose an LED light that is suitable for the plants you are growing.
The effects vary depending on the irradiation range, angle, amount, and color of the light, so it is important to first think about what kind of plants you want to grow and how.
Choose an LED light that matches the plants you want to grow.

Q03. What are the key points in choosing a plant growing light?

Points to keep in mind when choosing a plant growing light depend on what kind of plants you want to grow and how you want to grow them.
Although things may change, here are five points that beginners should keep in mind.

1. Choose an LED light

There are various types of plant growing lights, including LED, fluorescent, halogen, and HID, but LED lights are currently the most popular. LED lights can be used efficiently as they consume less electricity and do not generate heat.
Another advantage is that you can choose a variety of light levels depending on the installation location and size.

2. Choose based on functionality
If you choose a plant growth light based on its functionality, we recommend purchasing a set that includes a light angle adjustment function and a timer that allows you to set the lighting time.

There are also a variety of types, including full-spectrum LEDs that emit a variety of light, lights that reproduce sunlight that emit seven color wavelengths, and lights that emit purple light that specializes in blue and red light.
The PPFD value, which refers to the amount of light used for photosynthesis (unlike the amount of light visible to the human eye), is important for photosynthetic activity, so please be careful when choosing it.

3. Choose according to the size of the plant

Since the area that can be illuminated by a growing light is limited, size selection is very important.
Be careful, as plants may grow and outgrow the size of the light, or the light may hit only certain areas, making it uneven.

In order to get an idea of the size, we recommend that you first consider the type and size of the plant you want to grow, and what it will be like if it grows.

4. Be conscious of the location and angle

Consideration must be given to the location of plants and lights. If you are not careful about the irradiation range and distance of the light, it may cause leaf burn, the light will only hit one part of the tree and it will not be able to carry out photosynthesis, and the plant will grow weakly, resulting in uneven growth.

For example, if you have hanging lights, you can install a rail above the plants and then install the light on the rail.
Clip-type and stand-type plants are compact and convenient for maintaining a free distance from plants.
Please also consider the location of the electrical outlets in the room when deciding on the installation location.

5. Choose based on the quality of the interior

Until LED lights became widespread with the spread of blue LEDs, LED lights for plants were mainly products for commercial use or for some enthusiasts.

However, now the functionality of LED lights has improved significantly, and the number of stylish and interior-friendly products has increased considerably.

There are even types that can be hung from the ceiling and ones that look just like desk lights.

There are many products that contain light in the blue and red wavelengths, but only appear white, so be sure to pay attention to the quality of your interior when choosing one.

Q04. Are there any ornamental plants that are easy for beginners to grow?

Generally, houseplants are easy to grow even for beginners, but some types may be difficult to grow.
Therefore, here we will introduce representative plants that are relatively easy to grow, even for beginners, and have strong vitality, shade tolerance, cold tolerance, and drought tolerance.

★Plants with strong vitality

Banyan

Banyan is an ornamental plant with a sturdy trunk. It is known for its high resistance to cold, diseases, and pests, and is easy to grow even for beginners due to its high vitality.
They will sprout quickly as long as they have warm temperatures and plenty of light.
It grows relatively quickly and straight towards the light, so it would be safer to set up the light in a wide area.
Each trunk has a unique shape, so it is often displayed as a stylish interior decoration.

Kapok

Kapok is also a typical hardy ornamental plant. It is a popular ornamental plant with cute leaves that look like an open palm.
It is resistant to cold, heat, and dryness, and grows robustly even in shade.
Another good point is that it does not lose its shape easily, so it requires less care such as pruning.

★Plants with high shade tolerance

If you want to grow houseplants in the shade, we recommend shade-tolerant houseplants.
Many types of houseplants are shade tolerant, meaning they can grow without much direct sunlight.

Striped ash

Striped ash is highly shade tolerant and will grow well with just LED lights.
It is an ornamental plant that produces glossy leaves throughout the year, and comes in a wide variety of sizes.
The leaves tend to spread, so we recommend using an LED light that illuminates a wide area.
However, like the banyan, it is a plant with a strong desire to grow and grows quickly, so it takes up a certain amount of space.
It's best to leave yourself some leeway. When growing indoors, you will need to prune the plant appropriately to adjust its height.

Aglaonema Maria

Aglaonema maria is also a houseplant that can be grown in the shade.
It is a highly adaptable plant that can be grown indoors as long as there is light. Once they get used to the environment, they will grow just by watering them.
Aglaonema Maria's leaves will droop when water runs out, making it easy for even beginners to know when to water.

★Plants with high cold tolerance

Monstera

Monstera has unique leaves with deep notches. Its name means monster or abnormal in Latin, and the shape of the leaves reminds us of the face of a monster. Despite being native to the tropics, it is resistant to cold, so even people living in cold regions can incorporate it into their interiors.
It is also attractive that there is a wide variety of sizes, from mini houseplants to large plants of about 2 meters.

Striped ash

Shima ash has high shade tolerance, is resistant to cold, and is relatively easy to grow.
If you live south of the Kanto region, you can survive the winter even if it snows. It may shed its leaves, but new buds will appear again in the spring.
However, since it has many leaves, you need to be careful about watering. Especially in the summer, water evaporates quickly, so be sure to feed it every day.

Olive

It is resistant to the cold outdoors, and if you live south of the Kanto region, there will be no problems even on snowy days.
However, it does not like the soil to be constantly moist, so we recommend planting it in well-drained soil.
If you notice that the water is more difficult to penetrate than usual when you are watering, this is a sign that the roots are growing, so it is a good idea to repot during the warmer months of spring or summer.

★Dry-resistant plants

If you are on the go a lot or are busy and tend to neglect watering, it is a good idea to choose slow-growing plants that are drought tolerant and do not require pruning.

Sansevieria

Sansevieria has another name, "tiger's tail," and is said to have a talismanic effect.
The sight of it stretching toward the sky is brave.
It is drought tolerant, so it is suitable for people who tend to forget to water it, or who tend to be away from home a lot.
On the other hand, it is sensitive to cold and direct sunlight, so be careful where you place it.

Rhipsalis

Basically, all types of cactus that grow in the desert are resistant to drought, but rhipsalis, a member of the cactus that grows in forests, is also recommended as it is resistant to drought. It is very popular in Europe as an "easy care plant".
It is a hardy species that can withstand cold to some extent and is drought tolerant. It grows in the gaps between trees where sunlight does not reach, such as in forests, so it grows well even indoors with little sunlight.

Peperomioides

Peperomioides is succulent, drought tolerant, and easy to care for, making it an ideal plant for beginners.
If you have a small room, you can choose a small plant and grow it well even under a small light.
The round leaves hang down and grow, making it easy to maintain the distance between the light and the leaves.
In the fall and winter, there is no problem with watering about once a week.
In fact, as long as you are careful not to overwater, you are unlikely to make a mistake.

Although they are easy to grow for beginners, their characteristics vary depending on the type.
If you look at each character's characteristics and give them some love, they will grow well.

Q05. Why are plants green?

Sunlight contains light of various colors. These are the seven colors that are familiar to us as a rainbow.
In order of shortest wavelength, the colors are violet, indigo, blue, green, yellow, orange, and red.

Why are plants green? Actually, there is a reason why plants look green.
Plants contain a pigment called chlorophyll in organs called chloroplasts, which absorb light and carry out photosynthesis.

Chlorophyll primarily absorbs red and blue light contained in sunlight (the remaining green light is not absorbed and is reflected, making it appear green to the human eye).
The blue and red light absorbed by chlorophyll is effectively used for photosynthesis.
Therefore, to the human eye, the reflected green that is not used in photosynthesis appears as the color of plants.

By the way, the leaves turn red in autumn because the leaves no longer need to photosynthesize, so their chlorophyll is decomposed.

Q06. What is the best room temperature to grow houseplants?

Growing houseplants is not that difficult, but many types are sensitive to temperature and humidity, so be sure to pay close attention to cold, heat, and humidity.

★Cold protection

If you want your houseplants to grow well, you need to pay attention to the temperature of the room.
Many ornamental plants are sensitive to winter cold.
A sudden drop in temperature, especially in winter, can cause plants to wither.
If you are concerned about whether it will survive the winter, we recommend choosing a type with excellent cold resistance that is easy to grow even for beginners.

Basically, it is effective to use a heating device to maintain the room temperature, but even plants that are native to the tropics do not need to be heated to the high temperatures found in the tropics.
The optimal room temperature varies depending on the type of plant, but the standard is no lower than 5 to 10 degrees.

Even if you turn off the heating, if the room temperature only drops at night, the plants will not die right away, so as long as you are careful not to let the room temperature drop below the recommended temperature throughout the day, there will be no problem.

However, in winter, the warm air from the heater or air conditioner can easily dry out the indoor air, so water the leaves before they weaken to prevent them from drying out.
It is also important to take measures such as moving to a different location or building a windbreak so that the hot air does not hit you directly.

In addition, in winter, there is a large difference in temperature between day and night near windows, so moving plants a little away from the window before going to bed can prevent damage from the cold.
It is recommended to keep it away from extreme heat and cold.
Check the heat and cold tolerance of each plant and take appropriate measures.

★Heat measures

Summer is a time when the temperatures are high and plants tend to grow vigorously. However, due to the heat, water evaporates quickly and the soil tends to dry out, so it is essential to increase the frequency of watering.
Some plants may require watering twice a day, in the morning and in the evening.

Extremely high room temperatures can also cause plants to weaken.
To prevent the plants from getting stuffy, use a circulator to circulate the air and improve ventilation.

★Humidity measures

When growing houseplants indoors, not only temperature control but also humidity control is important.
Many ornamental plants prefer high temperature and humidity, and the optimal humidity for growth is said to be 50 to 60%.
Make sure to adjust it to suit the climate of the plant's native region.

For houseplants that prefer high humidity, in addition to watering them, use a sprayer to frequently water the leaves and stems.
In winter, the plants stop growing, so it is effective to keep them dry and water the leaves regularly.

Q07. What is Akucho?

One thing that beginners tend to fail at when growing plants is "Tocho".
So, what is overgrowth, and what is bad about it for plants?

Long is a condition in which the stem is thin and the distance between the leaves is long.
The main cause of overgrown plants is lack of sunlight, but other causes include too much water or fertilizer, poor ventilation, and poor soil drainage.

Overgrown plants tend to be weaker and sicker than healthy plants, and they are less resistant to pests.
The ability to adapt to changes in the environment also becomes weaker. Fruits and vegetables may not bear fruit or flowers may not bloom.

It is said that plants that grow quickly with large seeds are particularly prone to overgrowth.
Here we will introduce the causes of overgrowth.

① Lack of sunlight

Plants have a tendency to grow towards the sunlight.
If there is not enough sunlight, plants will grow upwards in search of sunlight.
If you see signs that your tree is getting taller, you can think that it's due to a lack of sunlight.

This is common for indoor plants, but if you live in an environment that lacks sunlight, we recommend growing them with LED lights.
Also, by lighting the lights evenly and not just from the same direction, you can prevent the lights from growing in just one direction.

② Excessive watering

Giving your plants too much water is one of the causes of growth.
Watering is essential when growing plants, but just giving them lots of water is not enough.
If you water too much, the condition of the soil and roots will deteriorate and the plant will become weak.

If you notice that you are clearly overwatering, hold off on watering until the soil is dry.
In time, you will return to a healthy state.

③ 風不足

風通しをよくするのは植物の病気予防に欠かせません。
風通しがよくなると植物は、伸びが抑えられて茎を太くして健全になるのです。
これには植物ホルモンのエチレンが関与していると考えられています。
エチレンは植物の徒長を抑えるだけでなく、植物の病原菌の繁殖を抑えるという作用もあります。

④ Excessive nitrogen fertilizer

Plants grow larger when given nitrogen. A lack of nitrogen can lead to poor growth and poor leaf color.
Nitrogen is said to be one of the three elements of fertilizer, and its main effect is to make plants grow larger.
It is also called leaf fertilizer (hagoe) because it especially enlarges the leaves and stems.

Of all the essential nutrients absorbed by roots, nitrogen is the most required.
However, if you give too much, it will grow too vigorously and end up becoming overgrown, so be careful not to give too much.

We recommend applying fertilizer before the growing season.
During the growing season, the plants are already trying to stretch, so if you apply too much fertilizer, they will grow more than necessary.
By applying organic fertilizer such as compost before the growing season, the microorganisms in the soil will break down nutrients and prevent growth.

Q08. When is the best time to water?

The best time to water is usually in the morning. There are two reasons why watering in the morning is recommended.

The first reason is that watering is what you give the plants when they start to become active.
When plants are exposed to sunlight, they perform photosynthesis, which produces nutrients and oxygen from water and carbon dioxide.

At this time, the stomata on the underside of the leaf open and begin to take in carbon dioxide from the air.
When the stomata open, transpiration (drawing up water from the roots and releasing it as water vapor) occurs, so water is needed.
It's similar to how people need to eat a good breakfast in order to prepare for the day's activities.

As a general rule, plants need water during the day when they are photosynthesizing, so watering in the morning will meet their needs.

If you water in the morning, the water will be absorbed during the day, and the water content of the potting soil will be reduced at night, so it is less likely to become overly humid.

The second reason is to avoid overreach. Watering at night will make them more likely to grow.
Elongation is a condition in which the stems become elongated and grow slowly.

Plants produce sugars during the day through photosynthesis and move them to where they are needed at night.
As the concentration of sugar increases where it moves, the osmotic pressure also increases and water is pulled out.
When water is pulled out, the area becomes enlarged and elongated.

In other words, the more water there is at night, the more water is pulled, making the stems more prone to elongation.

Also, in winter, the temperature drops rapidly, so the more water there is, the lower the temperature inside the pot will be.
The drop in temperature will then cause the roots to suffer, and in the worst case scenario, they will die.

Q09. Does watering change depending on the season?

There are times and frequencies that are best for watering your plants, but these times also change depending on the season.
Here we will introduce precautions for watering in spring, summer, fall, and winter.

【Spring】

Spring is the time when plants are most actively producing new shoots.
During this warmer season, it is best to water in the morning as temperatures rise during the day.

Spring is a time when plants are actively growing, so it is important to water them abundantly to avoid water shortages.
Although it will continue to grow even if it lacks a certain amount of water, there are cases where the branches will wither from fatigue later on, so be careful not to neglect watering just because you think it's okay.

On the other hand, in spring, as the temperature rises, the soil dries out faster, so you may end up overwatering.
However, suddenly increasing the amount of water at the change of seasons can cause root rot.
The important thing is to gradually increase watering. Check how dry the soil is, and if it seems dry, give it plenty of water.

【Summer】

Watering in summer may be the most important part of the year.
Particular attention should be paid to the time of day when watering. Due to the extremely high temperatures during the summer, it is generally done in the early morning when it is cooler or in the evening.
If you water your plants in the hot sun during the day, the temperature of the water in the pot will rise, which can cause damage to the roots. If the temperature during the day causes the plant to run out of water and become sluggish, don't water it right away, but wait until the evening when it cools down.

Alternatively, move the plant to a shaded area and submerge the pot in a bucket of water.
By allowing them to absorb plenty of water after moving them to the shade, the risk of water dehydration is reduced.

The basic trick to watering in summer is to water your plants early in the morning and in the evening, focusing on the roots and giving them plenty of water.

【Autumn】

In recent years, due to the effects of global warming, it is not uncommon for days in spring and autumn to become as hot as midsummer days.
Therefore, when the daytime is hot, there is no problem with watering in the same way as in summer. What you need to be careful about is the temperature at night.

ven if it is hot during the day, it can suddenly get cold at night in spring and autumn, so we recommend gradually reducing the frequency of watering from evening onwards.

Just because it's getting colder, suddenly trying to make it warmer can actually have the opposite effect.
Just because the temperature drops doesn't immediately cause damage. Even when the temperature drops a little in the fall, it is important to let your dog get used to the cold for a while.

This will increase their cold tolerance and increase their chances of surviving the winter.
As you train your plants to withstand cold temperatures, gradually reduce the frequency of watering.

As a guideline, it is best to water 1 to 3 days after the soil is completely dry.
It is important to gradually change the number of repetitions.

【Winter】

In winter, compared to other seasons, water at the minimum necessary level.
Also, in spring, summer, and fall, it is a good idea to water early in the morning before the temperature rises, but in winter, it is better to water later in the morning when the temperature has risen a little.

Also, as a general rule, avoid watering after the evening, as it may freeze due to the cold night.
You don't have to be as nervous about watering as you would in other seasons. As long as the soil is moist, you don't need to water it yet.

Q10. What should I do if I water too much?

A common mistake many beginners make when growing plants is overwatering.
Especially when growing in a pot, if you overwater the plant, the water around the roots will not drain away, causing the roots to become waterlogged and die.
However, even if you overwater, you can sometimes save your plant by letting the roots dry out, so be sure to know how to deal with this.

Determine if you have overwatered

If you give too much water, the roots will become waterlogged and root rot will occur.
As this happens, the leaves will gradually change color. The roots become weak and cannot supply water to the upper part of the plant, and at the same time it is no longer able to obtain nutrients from the soil, causing the plant to wilt and die.
First, check to see if new leaves or stems have stopped growing or if the leaves have turned pale green or yellow.

If the plant dies even after watering, it may be due to overwatering, so check for mold or moss growing at the base of the stem or on the soil surface.
If the soil is waterlogged, green moss and black or white mold will grow on the soil surface and at the base of the stems.
In that case, you may be overwatering.

Or check to see if your plants have a foul or musty odor.
If the roots have just begun to rot or if the soil is deep, it may not be obvious to the naked eye, so bring your nose up close to check the smell.

What to do if you overwater

1. Stop watering and let the roots dry out

If you think you've overwatered your plant, hold off on watering for a while.
It may take a few days for the roots and soil to dry out, but you can wait between waterings during that time.
If you overwater your plants, water won't reach the top of the plant, and if the top is exposed to sunlight, it will dry out easily.
Therefore, it is necessary to protect the plant by avoiding sunlight. Once the condition of the stock stabilizes, you can return it to the sun again.

2. Loosen roots and soil

For pots, tap the sides of the pot to loosen the roots and soil, which will allow air to enter the pot and help the roots dry out.
If you can remove the plant from its pot, you can repot it in better-draining soil.
If it cannot be replaced, remove the old soil or loosen the soil, then use your fingers to gently shake off the soil from the roots without damaging them.

If there is mold or moss growing in the soil, dispose of it immediately as the mold and moss will transfer to your plants.
Also, if the soil smells rotten, the roots may be rotten, so discard it as well.

How to prevent overwatering

A pot with a small drainage hole in the bottom allows excess water to drain away, preventing water from pooling around the root ball and preventing root rot.
If your pot doesn't have a saucer, you can also buy a saucer to prevent the stand under the pot from getting dirty.

You can also prevent overwatering by placing a stone at the bottom of the pot.
Place a stone at the bottom of the pot to a thickness of 3 to 5 cm. Placing a stone bottom allows water to drain quickly and prevents the roots from becoming waterlogged.

Q11. What types of LED lights are there?

There are various types and shapes of plant growing lights, but LED lights are the best when considering ease of use and purchase.
In this article, we will introduce typical types of LED lights. Please find the type that suits the plants you are growing.

★Hanging type

This type is installed by hanging it from the ceiling.
Since it can irradiate a wide area, it is suitable for growing plants on a large scale, such as tall plants.
You may need to install sockets and do some electrical work, so it's a good idea to see the overall picture of what kind of plants you want to grow before deciding.

★Clip type

It is a type that can be held with a clip.
As long as there is a place where you can clip the plant, you can freely decide the height and angle, regardless of the size of the plant.
If you can install it on a shelf or table where plants are grown, you can easily expand the variety of interior decorations.

★Stand type

This type can be installed on a tabletop or shelf like a regular desk light.
Some types of LED stand lights for growing plants have a height adjustment function so that you can adjust the distance from them to the plants, making them convenient for tall plants.
Another feature is that the amount of light is adjusted for growing plants.
Many of them have sophisticated designs, so they won't look out of place when placed in your room.
Many of them can be used as interior lighting or desk lighting, making them the perfect type for home use.

★Arm type

This type allows you to adjust the height and angle by bending and extending the arm.
The big advantage is that it is easy to choose according to the size of the plant, and it is easy to make fine adjustments.
Ideal for growing plants indoors.
The type that requires lighting equipment may require a certain amount of space.

★Bar type

It is a long, thin rod-shaped light similar to a fluorescent light.
It can be irradiated from various directions, which is useful when growing horizontally for a long time, such as in a planter.

★Panel type

It is a type that hangs from the ceiling, and there are various models such as rectangular ones and disk-shaped ones.
Since the light hits a wide area evenly, it is easy to shower plants with even light.
However, it is more expensive and takes up more space than other types, so it is often installed in facilities such as factories rather than in home gardens.

Above, we introduced LED lights for plants by shape, but there are also various types of plants that are suitable for indoor cultivation.
When choosing an LED light for plants or a cultivator, it is important to choose a shape and size that will not only suit the characteristics of the plant, but will also allow the plant to grow without any problems.

For example, if you are growing outdoors or in a large garden, you should focus on functionality, but if you are growing indoors for ornamental purposes, you should give priority to design and be conscious of the interior, such as choosing lights that match the atmosphere of the room. It would be good too.

Of course, when choosing an LED light, not only the shape and size, but also the brightness, color, number, and irradiation time are very important.
To choose the most suitable light for the plants you want to grow, first learn about the characteristics of the plants themselves.
This is also the most enjoyable part of growing plants.

Q12. How to deal with root rot?

“Root rot” refers to a state in which the roots of a plant have rotted.
When root rot occurs, the root tip gradually rots, and if left untreated, the plant rots from the base and dies.
If the initial symptoms are mild, you can stop the progression of root rot by cutting off the rotten roots and replanting in new soil.
If root rot has progressed, you can take cuttings or buds as long as there are healthy above-ground parts remaining.

Plants absorb oxygen and water through their roots, but when roots rot, they are unable to absorb oxygen, resulting in suffocation and the decline of leaves, roots, and plants.
Bacteria that prefer an environment with low oxygen also increase, making root rot worse.

Oxygen deficiency can also be caused by watering too often or poor soil drainage.

Plants absorb oxygen from the gaps in the soil that are created after water is absorbed, and watering has two roles: supplying oxygen-rich water and pushing out old air and pushing in new air.

However, if the soil is poorly drained, there will be no air gaps.
This causes root rot due to lack of oxygen.
Also, the drier the soil, the more air it has, but if you water too often and the soil is constantly wet, the roots will suffocate.

In order to prevent root rot, it is important to first understand the preferred environment of the plants you are growing.
It is also important to water while watching the plant growth, during the spring to fall when many ornamental plants grow, and during the low temperature period (winter) when growth is dormant.

Avoid root rot as much as possible by repotting according to the following steps ① to ⑥ according to the growth conditions of the plant.

① Loosen and remove the soil from the roots.
② Cut off any discolored or rotten roots.
③ Trim the leaves and stems to balance them with the roots.
④ Replant in soil that is in the condition that the plant prefers.
⑤ Refrain from watering and monitor the condition in a bright shade.
⑥ When new buds appear, move the pot to an environment that the plant prefers.

Also, if the following symptoms appear, there is a high possibility that the plant has root rot, so if you notice them, take prompt action.

● Soil dries slowly
● Stocks wobble
● Stocks are not doing well
● Roots are turning black
● Leaves turn yellow or brown and fall off
● Stems and trunks have become soft
● There is a rotten odor coming from the soil
● There are flies and white mold growing on the surface

Q13. Can houseplants be grown outdoors?

In Japan, where there are large temperature differences, it is often thought that it is difficult to grow indoor plants outdoors.
However, if you understand the characteristics of each type of plant and the points to be careful of, and manage it correctly, you can grow it vigorously.

In this article, we will introduce the things you should be especially careful about when growing houseplants outdoors, such as where to place them, water them, and prevent pests.

Points to note when growing houseplants outdoors

When growing houseplants outdoors, there are three things to be most careful about: location, pests, and watering.
In particular, if you place the flowerpot in the wrong place or plant it in the wrong place, it may wither, so choose the location carefully.

Also, when managing plants outdoors, there are fewer opportunities to observe the plants than indoors.
Since you are growing your precious plants, be sure to observe them as often as possible.

① Pay attention to sunlight and ventilation when placing the product.

If you suddenly take a houseplant that has been kept indoors outdoors into strong direct sunlight, the leaves will scorch.
If you take it outside, you will need to get used to it. In addition, care must be taken such as placing it in the shade or under a tree at first, and then placing it in the sun for a few hours.
Then, place it in a place that receives sunlight in the morning, and in a shaded place in the afternoon when the sun is stronger.
Plants photosynthesize in the morning, so it is recommended to place them in a place where they can receive morning sunlight.

Excessive exposure to direct sunlight during the day can cause leaf burn, water loss, and the inside of the pot may become stuffy, causing root rot.
Be especially careful not to expose your plants to too much afternoon sun, as this can weaken your ornamental plants.
Especially in the summer, it is effective to shade the pot from the sun or cover it with a pot cover to prevent the pot from getting too hot.

If direct sunlight is unavoidable, take care of it by placing blinds to create shade or bringing it indoors during the day.
Also, be careful not to place the plant near the outdoor unit of an air conditioner or in a location exposed to too much western sunlight, as the leaves will dry out and become more susceptible to insects.

Flower pots can be moved, so you can move them regularly while taking into consideration the sunlight.
When planting in the ground, make sure to select a location that receives constant sunlight.

Good ventilation is also very important for plants.
In areas with poor ventilation, moisture tends to accumulate, making it more susceptible to bacteria, viruses, pests, and diseases.
I don't think the ventilation will be as bad outdoors as indoors, but it's best to find a place with good ventilation and no humidity.
Also, be careful in areas exposed to strong winds, as potted plants may fall or fall over, causing the pot to crack, branches to break, and potted soil to come out, weakening the plant.

② Take measures against insects

When the leaves are dry, they are prone to spider mites and aphids, and when the soil contains organic matter such as leaf mold, it is also easy to attract spider flies and flies.
You can prevent insects by covering the surface of the potted soil with inorganic materials such as Akadama soil or zeolite.
In the summer when water evaporates easily and in the winter when it tends to dry out, spray the leaves with mist to prevent them from drying out.
Also, if the wind is blowing strongly, scale insects may attach to the leaves, stems, and trunks, so you may want to cover them with cheesecloth or non-woven cloth.

Please be aware that if you bring the plant indoors without taking precautions against insects, a large number of insects such as aphids, spider mites, and scale insects may appear in the room.

③ Pay attention to the frequency of watering
When growing outdoors, you often leave your eyes unattended, so you tend to neglect taking care of them.
Watering, in particular, can become a hassle, as you wonder if it's okay for today.
That's why you need to be conscious of checking on your pet more frequently than you would indoors and taking care of it.

If houseplants are not watered properly, they may run out of water, become dry, or become overly humid, causing root rot and withering.
If the leaves or stems are wilting, water them immediately.
Even if you don't have any of these symptoms, give water when the soil surface becomes dry and whitish, or when you feel light when holding the flowerpot.
By giving plenty of water, the air in the potted soil is replaced and the roots of the plant are encouraged to breathe.

Especially during the warm months from spring to summer, ornamental plants grow vigorously and require a lot of water.
It depends on the plant and pot size, but there are some plants that can be used outdoors every day in the summer.
From spring to autumn, it is best to feed when the surface of the potting soil is dry.
It varies depending on the plant, but in autumn and winter when the temperature is low, it is a good idea to water after a few days after the surface of the potting soil dries.

However, the amount of water absorbed differs depending on the type and variety of houseplants, so check how to grow them in advance.

Q14. How do I grow succulents indoors?

In order to grow succulents, you need to find a sunny location.
However, there may be many people who find it difficult due to housing circumstances such as living in an apartment.
This is not a problem if you place it in a garden, balcony, window, or other area that receives plenty of sunlight, but it is often difficult to secure enough light indoors for succulents.

If succulents don't get enough light, they will become elongated, look hopeless, or die.
If you are growing indoors where there is not enough light, we recommend using a grow light.
A grow light is a light that can be used as an alternative to sunlight when growing plants indoors.
By using a plant growth light, you can supplement light even in dark places such as indoors, allowing plants to photosynthesize and grow vigorously.

In this article, we will introduce the types and effects that are suitable for succulents, how to choose them, and recommended plant growing lights.

Not just any light is good for growing succulents.
The light emitted by plant lights is characterized by covering the wavelengths of light that plants require for photosynthesis.

There is no problem if exposed to sunlight on a daily basis, but if you use a light, you will need light with wavelengths of blue (430-480nm) and red (600-750nm).
General lighting that is not sold for growing plants does not have enough light in this wavelength, so it is possible that the plants will not grow properly even if they are illuminated with sufficient brightness.

Succulents particularly need red light, and it is preferable to use lighting that includes this wavelength.

In addition, grow lights not only contain the necessary wavelengths (colors) of light, but also provide a strong amount of light that cannot be seen directly, unlike desk lamps used on desks.

There are three main types of lighting: fluorescent lights, LEDs, and metal halide lamps.
The characteristics of each are as follows.

① LED
・Low electricity bill
・Long lifespan
・Light weight
・A wide variety of light colors available

② Fluorescent light
・Proven track record of long-term use
・Wider wavelength range than LED
・Various types
・High cost performance

③ Metal halide lamp
・Strong light intensity
・Less likely to cause a decrease in light intensity
・Emits light closest to sunlight

Currently, LEDs are the mainstream because they have a long lifespan, low electricity costs, and come in a variety of stylish designs.

Tips on how to choose a grow light

① Choose a light with a large amount of light
Regarding the criteria for selecting lights, choose a light that provides a sufficient amount of light, as a light that does not provide too much light may cause the space to become elongated.
We often hear that some grow lights are weaker than expected.
In particular, many succulents will grow taller if exposed to weak light. Therefore, it is best to avoid lights that are too weak.

By the way, metal halide lamps provide a large amount of light and are the closest to sunlight, but they have the disadvantage that they generate high heat and are difficult to control, such as causing leaf burn if you are not careful.

Plants can grow in the presence of red and blue light, but in nature they are exposed to sunlight that also contains green light.
Although the details of the effectiveness of green light have not yet been clarified, it is known that if plants are grown with light that is extremely biased compared to the natural world, they will grow to look different from their original appearance.

Also, LED plant growth lights that contain only red and blue may look dark to people, but this is not a problem as it only looks a little dark because it does not contain green light.
The rest is up to your preference, but in order to grow succulents with natural light, a full-spectrum light that includes green light may be best.

② Match the succulents you want to use
Choose according to the type of succulent you want to use.
There are many different types of succulents, from those that require weak light that cannot be grown in direct sunlight, to those that prefer strong light such as codex and echeveria.

Therefore, choose a light whose illumination range and light intensity can be easily adjusted (or selected) to suit the desired succulent plant.

③ Where to use and how to place it
Think about the environment of the room you will be using and how to place the lights.

A room with poor sunlight varies depending on its environment, such as a room that only receives some sunlight if it is near a window, a room that only receives sunlight for a short period of time, or a dark room with no windows at all.
It also depends on the type of succulent plant you want to grow, such as whether you want to hang the lights, use arm-type or stand-type lights that can be easily moved, and how many lights you need.

Also, depending on the plant, it is a good idea to use a timer function to control the growing and dormant periods and always ensure a day length of about 10 to 14 hours.

Q15. Where is the best place to put houseplants?

I think many people grow ornamental plants as part of their interior design.
Adding houseplants will brighten up your room and give it a stylish feel.
Isn't it fun to look for houseplants that match the atmosphere of your room and the furniture and furnishings?

However, houseplants are living things. If you don't give them love and nurture them, they will quickly lose their vitality and wither away.
It is said that the things that are absolutely essential to growing houseplants are "light, water, temperature, and wind."

In this article, we will explain specifically about the locations that are affected by "light" and "wind."

Houseplants come in a variety of types and characteristics, including those that prefer strong sunlight, those that grow well in weak sunlight, and those that do not like strong sunlight.

If you have a fixed or limited place to place your plants, you can grow them successfully by choosing ornamental plants that suit the environment of the place.
On the other hand, if you choose and place them simply because they are stylish, you may have a negative impact on their growth or even cause them to wither.

Also, if you change the location (environment) of houseplants too often, they may become stressed and weaken.
We recommend that you place the plant in an environment that matches the characteristics of the houseplant you are growing and do not change it frequently.

Light ~ Adjust to the characteristics of ornamental plants

Below, we will introduce foliage plants that are divided into three main categories: "houseplants that like sunlight," "houseplants that like bright shade," and "houseplants that are easy to grow in the shade."

■ Ornamental plants that like sunlight
・Heart Kazura
・Succulents
・Wire plants
・Sansevieria
・Strelitzia Augusta
・Alocasia etc.

Place these sun-loving houseplants in a place that receives plenty of sunlight, such as near a window in your living room.

■ Ornamental plants that prefer bright shade
・Sugar Vine
・Ivy
・Gajumaru
・Yucca
・Benjamin
・Pachira etc.

Grow these houseplants in a place where sunlight can reach through the lace curtains. A well-ventilated place a little away from a window is best.

■ Houseplants that are easy to grow even in the shade
・Pothos
・Table palm
・Original crane
・Monstera
・Syngonium etc.
・Aglaonema
・Himechazura
・Asplenium
・Kencha palm
・Rubber tree
・Shurochik

Houseplants are shade-tolerant and can grow in dark places, making them hardy and easy to grow even for beginners.
It grows in places that don't get much sunlight, such as entrances and hallways, or in dark rooms with incandescent lights.
If you occasionally place it near a window and let it get some sunlight, it will grow more easily.

Wind ~ Places where it is not okay to put houseplants

① Near the air conditioner
When decorating houseplants, be sure to place them in a place where they are not exposed to air conditioning.
Many ornamental plants are sensitive to dryness, and placing them in a place where they are exposed to direct airflow from an air conditioner can cause their leaves to wither.
Even if the leaves do not wither, they will weaken easily if they are shaken strongly by the wind from the air conditioner.

② Room with poor ventilation
It is also not good to place it in a closed room or in a place with poor airflow.
In areas with poor airflow, it becomes difficult for houseplants to breathe, resulting in poor growth.

By the way, even if you like houseplants that like sunlight, it is best to avoid exposing them to direct sunlight.
Exposure to strong direct sunlight may cause the leaves to become sunburned (leaf scorch), resulting in poor growth or withering.
When exposing your pet to sunlight, try to soften the sunlight by shining it through window glass or lace curtains.

Q16. How much does it cost to grow plants?

When you start growing houseplants, the first thing you may wonder is how much it will cost.
The purchase cost of houseplants varies widely, from inexpensive ones costing a few hundred yen to high-end plants costing more than a million yen, but the average volume range can be considered to be from a few thousand yen to several tens of thousands of yen.

Of course, it doesn't mean that you have to spend a lot of money.
Among houseplant enthusiasts, there is a popular saying: "Take your time, not your money."
The important thing is not to spend money, but to nurture them with lots of love and time.

Ornamental plants that can be grown for free

In fact, there are ways to grow them without spending much money.
You don't have to go out of your way to buy houseplants, and you can grow them as houseplants by reusing the seeds of fruits you usually eat.
Typical examples include avocado and mango.

There are polyembryonic and monoembryonic varieties of mangoes, and if you want to get the same fruit as the parent, you should collect seeds from a polyembryonic variety, select the most vigorous buds, and grow them in a pot.

Growth is active from March to October, so water potted plants when the soil surface is dry, and otherwise water 2 to 3 days after the soil dries to keep them dry.

When an avocado is sown, it produces offspring with different characteristics from the parent.
The best time to plant is from May to June when the weather gets warmer. Seeds are sensitive to dryness, so sow them in the soil as soon as possible after eating them.

Avocados can be grown hydroponically from seeds, but like mangoes, we recommend germinating them in pots.
Place a pumice stone in the bottom of the pot, fill it with potting soil, and plant the seeds with the pointed end facing upwards.

A classic way to stylishly decorate your room for a few thousand yen

If you only have a budget of a few thousand yen, you can get a variety of ornamental plants that will decorate your room stylishly.
Here we will introduce some durable ornamental plants that can be purchased for a few thousand yen and are safe for beginners to grow.

[Pothos] (2,000-3,000 yen)
It is known as a highly ornamental plant with a lovely appearance of leaves growing one after another along with the vine.
Pothos grows in a creeping manner, so you can decorate it in your own way, such as by hanging it from the ceiling to create a green shower, or by making green curtains to match the walls and pillars.
Perfect for those who want to decorate their room in a variety of ways.

[Monstera] (4,000-5,000 yen)
It is a popular vine along with pothos.
Monstera, with its impressive notched leaves, is one of the most well-known plants among all ornamental plants.
I'm sure many of you have seen them at cafes, etc.
It is characterized by being resistant to high temperatures and high humidity, and as it grows, it gradually becomes resistant to dryness and shade, and grows very vigorously.
They grow quickly, and some can grow up to 2 meters in height if cared for properly.

[Alocasia] (2,000-3,000 yen)
Alocasia is called "success potato" because it grows quickly, and it also has the flower language of "reconciliation" and "reunion."
The shape of the tree is unique, with a bulge that resembles a potato peeking out from the surface of the soil.
As it grows, the leaves also become larger, reaching a maximum size of about 60 cm.
It is somewhat sensitive to low temperatures, so we recommend growing it in a dry place during the winter or placing it indoors where it can be warmed.

[Gajumaru] (3,000-5,000 yen)
Banyan is a popular ornamental plant that grows widely in Okinawa. In Okinawa, it is loved as a tree where a spirit called Kijimuna resides, and it has a mysterious atmosphere.
Kijimuna is said to be a spirit that brings good luck to those who befriend it, so it would make a great gift.
It's a durable ornamental plant that you don't have to worry about dying, even if you're a first-time user.

[Everfresh] (4,000-10,000 yen)
Everfresh is an ornamental plant that grows in Bolivia and Brazil and is also known as "Nemunoki".
It is a vigorous variety that can grow into a large tree over 30m (!) if given the right environment.
The charm of Everfresh lies in its countless small leaves.
Not only is it cool and beautiful, but at night, when it gets dark, the leaves close by folding over each other.
The secret to their popularity may be their ability to snuggle up and sleep together.

Symbol of luxury houseplants

[Haworthia] (several hundred to hundreds of thousands of yen)
Haworthia is a succulent plant that is popular all over the world, with cheap varieties ranging from a few hundred yen to expensive varieties that sell for as much as 1 million yen at auction.
It is a spring/autumn type succulent and is suitable for intermediate users, but if you keep it indoors properly, there will be no problem.
Most of them are compact enough to fit in the palm of your hand.
It is a succulent plant that spreads out jelly-like leaves like aloe in a rosette shape, and its main feature is the transparent leaf surface called "window".
Its appearance is like a "living jewel."
Types such as obtusa with large windows and lace types are resistant to environments with little light, and one of their appeals is that they can be easily maintained indoors.
Most of them live in the grasslands of South Africa, hiding in the shade of grass or rocks. Another point is that it can be managed in an environment with less light than other succulents.

Q17. Is it true that houseplants can heal you?

Due to the coronavirus pandemic, telework has progressed, and many people are spending more time at home.
According to the "Questionnaire Survey on Ornamental Plants During the Coronavirus Pandemic" conducted by Daiichi Gardening Co., Ltd. in September 2021, about 70% of people said they were interested in purchasing plants, and about 30% said they were actually interested in purchasing plants during the coronavirus pandemic. The result is that I am starting to grow houseplants.

Also, the most common reason for starting was "seeking relief," followed by 20% of people who felt the "relaxation effect."

Do houseplants really have a "healing" and "relaxation" effect?

In this topic, we will introduce three reasons why houseplants are said to heal us.

① Healing and relaxing effect

These days, foliage plants can be found in offices and in many corporate offices.
Many people find that it soothes their tired bodies and minds from work.

It is often said that forest bathing is soothing and relaxing, and many people may have experienced that feeling.
In fact, forests emit a volatile component called phytoncide, which is said to have the effect of regulating the autonomic nervous system and relaxing the mind.

In fact, phytoncides play a role in preventing the growth of surrounding weeds in order for forest trees to survive.
Some types have the power to wither leaves and even kill fungi that can damage stems.

By the way, the name phytoncide comes from the Russian word meaning that plants (phyton) have the ability to kill other living things (chid), and are released by plants to protect themselves from surrounding weeds, insects, and fungi. It also has sterilizing and deodorizing properties.

The Ministry of Agriculture, Forestry and Fisheries website states, "Phytoncides are used to make herbicides, insect repellents, and insecticides, and are used as antibiotics to treat human diseases and improve human health.
In forest bathing, phytoncides, which are actually terpenes, have a calming effect. ” is explained.
https://www.maff.go.jp/j/heya/kodomo_sodan/0102/05.html

In addition, according to Phytoncide Japan Co., Ltd. (https://www.phytoncide.co.jp/about.php), European countries have long been suffering from modern diseases such as "tension," "depression," and "revitalization." It has been attracting attention as an effective soothing ingredient.
In Germany, a medically advanced country, forest bathing is recognized as a medical practice and is even covered by health insurance.

According to the Forest Therapy Society (https://www.fo-society.jp/therapy/expe.html), a specified non-profit organization that researches the therapeutic effects of forest bathing, it has been shown that physiological, psychological, and physical As a result of the experiment, the following was found.

・Stress hormones decrease
・Parasympathetic nerve activity increases and sympathetic nerve activity is suppressed
・Systolic/diastolic blood pressure and pulse rate decrease
・Relieves psychological tension and increases vitality
・Increases NK activity and improves immune function
・Anti-cancer proteins increase

Considering that phytoncides are largely involved in these results, it is only natural that we seek "healing" and "relaxation" from houseplants.

② Cleanse the air

Houseplants absorb harmful substances such as formaldehyde and toluene, which cause sick building syndrome.

NASA (https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/NASA_Clean_Air_Study), in a joint experiment with ALCA (Landscape Architecture and Construction Association), conducted a joint experiment with the ALCA (Landscape Architecture and Construction Industry Association) to find out that indoor plants can absorb benzene, formaldehyde, trichloroethylene, xylene, toluene, and ammonia in the air. It has been reported that it has been found to have a certain effect on suppressing sick building syndrome by naturally removing harmful substances such as.

NASA researchers recommend an efficient air purification method that improves the indoor environment by at least 100 square feet per plant.

Among them, Sansevieria is known as a variety that powerfully cleanses the air, with its impressively long, stylish leaves.
It is a foliage plant. Because of its majestic foliage, it is also known as "Tranoo".

If you grow it indoors, it will be useful as a stylish interior decoration and as a natural air purifier.

③ Has a humidifying effect

Plants have a transpiration effect that absorbs water through their roots and releases water through the stomata of their leaves, creating a humidifying effect.
The degree of humidification effect varies depending on the type of houseplant.
If you want a humidifying effect, we recommend Kapok, which has a strong transpiration effect, or Strelitzia, which has large leaves with many stomata.
In addition, the evaporation of water in the potting soil provides a humidifying effect in the room.

Above, we have introduced the reasons why we feel soothed by houseplants, but even if there are no reasons for this, just having a plant nearby can make us feel calm and healed. Therefore, people may have had plants nearby for a long time.

Q18. What plants are recommended for small rooms?

Many people may want to grow houseplants as a stylish interior item.
However, in a small room such as an apartment, you may often have trouble securing free space.
Even in such a room, you can grow mini houseplants without worrying about space.

Mini ornamental plants generally refer to plants that are size 3 to 5 (pot diameter 9 to 15 cm).
It's easy to carry, so it's easy to move it to a sunny place and let it bask in the sun, and it also has the advantage of being easy to grow and requires less time and effort to prune and repot.

In addition, mini houseplants are not only easy to grow, but they also offer a variety of ways to decorate them.

In this topic, we will introduce tips on how to decorate mini houseplants that can be enjoyed even in such a small room.

Ornamental plants that can be enjoyed even in small rooms

① On your desk or table

Especially if it is a small pot, it would be stylish to place it on a table, shelf, TV stand, etc.
By skillfully combining leaf shapes and variations in height, you can enjoy a variety of interiors.

You can also create a stand for mini houseplants to make them stand out.
If you use the stand, it will look about 2 sizes larger, so a size 2 will look like a size 4.

Once you have decided on the houseplant you want to grow, first decide where to place it.
In order to care for your pet for a long period of time, it is important that the small room does not interfere with your daily life.

② Houseplants perfect for wall hanging

If you don't have a desk or table to put your mini plants on, you can hang them from the ceiling or hang them on the wall since they don't weigh much.
Even in a small room, you can use the space effectively and incorporate it stylishly.
Having greenery high up on the ceiling or walls gives a sense of depth to the room, creating an even more stylish cafe feel.

There are several ways to hang mini houseplants on the wall, such as embedding them in frames or driftwood, planting them in hanging baskets, or using wall pots.

There are a wide variety of pots available in different colors and materials, as well as unique designs, so it's sure to be fun to come up with different variations to suit your tastes.

There are a wide variety of planter hangers available these days, so it's a good idea to look for them at garden supply stores or online.
We also recommend hanging air plants at a height that you can reach.
It's light and doesn't look too heavy, so you can subtly decorate your room.

You can also hang small potted plants such as herbs and cacti using wire or string.
You can also secure the pot to wire netting, which can be purchased at 100-yen stores.
However, if the plant requires a lot of watering, soil dirt may stick to the wall, so it is better to use a plant that requires less watering.

Q19. Are there any plants that are easy to grow in rooms with poor sunlight?

Many people may be hesitant to grow houseplants because their rooms don't get enough sunlight.
Of course, plants cannot grow without light.
However, there are some houseplants that can grow well even if they don't get enough sunlight.

There are two types of houseplants: positive plants, which grow well in sunny places but whose growth is inhibited under weak light, and negative plants, which can grow well with a growing light even without strong sunlight. there is.
In addition, plants with high shade tolerance that grow in low light are used as ornamental plants.

On the other hand, even if they are called negative plants, they cannot grow in the dark, where no light can enter.
If you don't expose it to sunlight or use a light for a certain amount of time, it will wither.
Shade plants are said to be "shade tolerant," but this only means that they can withstand a certain degree of illumination, and the strength of shade tolerance varies depending on the type of plant.

In this topic, we will introduce tips for growing houseplants in a room with poor sunlight.

Tropical rainforest plants with high shade tolerance

You can't tell whether a houseplant is shade tolerant by looking at it.
It is important to judge the type of environment in which the plant grows.

For example, many types of ornamental plants that grow naturally in desert areas generally love sunlight, while many types of ornamental plants that grow naturally in tropical rainforests grow in the shade of trees. They tend to prefer shade.

Many of the houseplants on sale are shade-tolerant, but especially those that are distributed in shady or semi-shady environments such as tropical rainforests, such as table palms, monstera, aglaonema, and banyans. It is said to have high shade tolerance.

However, negative plants may grow longer without dying.
To prevent houseplants from overgrowing in a room with poor sunlight, it is a good idea to take them outside two or three times a week and place them in a bright shade.

Light required for shade plants

However, even though we say "shade", it varies depending on the amount of light, just as an outdoor shade is completely different from an indoor shade.
Before placing houseplants, it's a good idea to figure out how much light your room receives.
Also, when purchasing a grow light, check the location, brightness, and number of lights depending on the degree of shade, so be sure to check that first.
If you are interested, you can try using a light meter (you can buy it for a few thousand yen).

Houseplants require at least 1,000 to 3,000 lux of light to continue growing.
Lux is a unit that expresses the brightness of light.
In terms of "tolerating" and "not dying", there are types of shade plants that can be placed in the shade of 400 to 700 lux.

For example, 400 to 700 lux is about the brightness of a fluorescent office desk or a department store store.
By the way, in a sunny room facing south, the amount of sunlight is 3,000 to 5,000 lux, and when sunlight enters the room through the glass, it is about 30,000 to 50,000 lux.

If the area where you want to place your houseplants is too dark for sunlight, you should start by looking for types that can withstand 400 to 700 lux of shade.
If you are worried about the light in your room, you can use a plant growth light to help your plants grow vigorously, even in a dark place.

Also, if you leave houseplants in a dark place with less than 400-700 lux for a long time, such as in a bathroom, toilet, or near a kitchen window with only a small window, they will eventually wither, so unless you use a plant grow light, Please consider this environment to be unsuitable for growing houseplants.

Many shade-tolerant plants are easy to manage, so even beginners can grow them with confidence.
Since it's a dark place that doesn't get much light, one of the great ways to enjoy growing houseplants is to create a bright and relaxing space.

Q20. Can houseplants be grown using only lights?

Houseplants require sunlight, water, moderate temperature, and carbon dioxide to grow, but they can also be grown using artificial light.
Depending on the type, some plants grow better when exposed to strong sunlight, while others prefer relatively shaded areas.

In any case, you need to use light wisely to help your plants grow healthily.

Below, we will explain how to use lights to grow houseplants.

① Select the light type

Sunlight contains various colors and wavelengths, including visible and invisible light.
There are seven colors of visible light, from red with the longest wavelength to violet with the shortest wavelength.

The light required for plant growth is primarily visible light, red and blue.
It varies depending on the plant, but as a general rule, red has the effect of promoting photosynthesis, and blue has the effect of increasing the size of leaves and fruits.

Therefore, when growing houseplants with lights, by exposing them to light that contains red and blue, they can photosynthesize and grow in the same way as sunlight.

Light that contains red and blue wavelengths is essential for growing plants, and most grow lights contain red and blue.
In general, the most popular type of light that amplifies red and blue wavelengths and appears white is the most popular type that brings out plant-like greens.

② Be conscious of the placement location and angle

Lights have appropriate ranges and distances to illuminate, so consider the location of your plants and lights.
If only one part of the plant receives light, its growth will be uneven, and the parts that are not exposed to light will not be able to photosynthesize and become weak.
It is necessary to irradiate the light so that the light hits the entire plant evenly.

If you want to illuminate the entire plant evenly, we recommend a hanging type with a wide irradiation area or a rail type that can be installed above the plants.
If you have small plants and don't need to cover a large area, clip-type or stand-type sprays are compact and convenient.
However, be careful not to get too close or too far away from the plants.

If you have trouble adjusting the angle or distance of the light, there are diffuser reflectors that can adjust the amount of light, so you may want to look for accessories that are suitable for the plants you want to grow in conjunction with the light.

③ Irradiate for about 12 hours

Plants only need about 6 hours of sunlight, but plants need about 12 hours of light.
It is necessary to expose the plant to light for a longer period of time than sunlight, but be careful not to apply too much light and stand too close to the light source, as this may cause the leaves to burn.

If you find it difficult to time the light every day, there are timers that allow you to adjust the lighting time.
There are also plugs available that do not pass current when the light is not in use.

④ Necessary brightness when growing with lights

The amount of light (brightness) required to grow plants varies depending on the type and distance from the plant, but generally a minimum of 1,000 to 1,500 lux is required.

When choosing lights, it is also a good idea to consider not only the amount of light, but also PPFD (Photosynthetic Photon Flux Density), which is the degree of light that plants perceive.
PPFD represents the amount of light particles (photons) that a plant receives within a certain area within a certain period of time, which is the wavelength of light that plants use for photosynthesis.

For example, the PPFD of direct sunlight on a clear day is approximately 2000μmol/m2･s, and on a cloudy day it is approximately 50 to 100μmol/m2･s.

For general houseplants, a PPFD of at least 10μmol/m2･s or more and around 500μmol/m2･s is required.
Note that the PPFD value will vary depending on the distance from the plant in the case of artificial light sources such as grow lights.

⑤ If I have a plant growing light, can I avoid exposing it to sunlight?

If you have a grow light, your plants will basically grow without exposing them to sunlight.
Even if you are unsure whether you will be able to grow healthy plants due to poor sunlight in your room, you can safely grow your plants by using a plant grow light.

Also, when growing indoors, the air may become stuffy if you neglect ventilation.
Plants breathe, so make sure to ventilate your space frequently to keep it well-ventilated.
In addition, photosynthesis is promoted by washing off dust and dirt that has accumulated on the surface of the leaves with a shower.

Q21. What should I do if I water too much?

In trying to take care of our plants, we often end up overwatering them.
Particularly when growing in a pot, the water around the roots often does not drain and accumulates inside the pot.
This will cause the roots to become waterlogged and die. Still, you may be able to save an overwatered plant by allowing the roots to dry out.

In this article, we will introduce what to do when you over-water.

1. Dry the roots

If you think you've overwatered your plant, hold off on watering for a while.
It may take several days for the roots and soil to dry out, so don't worry if you wait a little longer between waterings.

2. Move the plant to the shade to protect the leaves at the top of the plant.

If you overwater your plant, the water won't reach the top of the plant.
Exposure to sunlight can cause the tips of the plant to dry out easily, so if the pot is in a sunny location, protect the plant by moving it to the shade.
Once the condition of the plant has stabilized, return the pot to the sun.

3. Let air into the pot

Gently tap the sides of the pot with your hand or a small shovel. Tap the pot a few times in different places to loosen the roots and soil, which will allow air into the pot and help the roots dry out.

4. Remove the plant from the pot

Removing the plant from its pot allows the roots to dry out quickly and allows you to repot it in better-draining soil.
Grasp the base of the plant with one hand and gently turn the plant upside down to easily remove it from the pot.

5. Replace old soil

If mold or green moss grows on the soil due to overwatering, throw it away. If you use soil as is, mold and moss will transfer to your plants.
Also, if the soil smells rotten, the roots may be rotten, so discard it as well.

6. Remove as much rotten roots as possible

Remove roots that turn brown or black and smell rotten by cutting them with scissors.
If the rotten roots are not removed, the rot will continue and the plant will die.
If most of the roots are rotten, you may not be able to save the plant, but you may want to remove all the soil, cut the damaged roots back to the base, repot the plant, and see what happens.

7. Cut back dead leaves and stems

Cut back any leaves or stems that turn brown or wither with scissors.
Start pruning from the top of the plant, cutting off stems and leaves so that the overall size of the plant is no more than twice the size of the root ball.
If you cut out a lot of roots, you should also cut out some healthy leaves.

8. Repot the plant into a pot with easy drainage.

Replace the plant in a pot with a small drainage hole in the bottom so excess water can drain away.
If the pot doesn't have a saucer, buy one too.
The saucer catches the water drained from the pot and prevents the stand under the pot from getting dirty.

9. Lay stones or mulch material at the bottom of the pot to improve drainage

Using stones or mulch at the bottom of the pot will prevent overwatering.
Placing a stone or mulch at the bottom of the pot allows water to drain quickly and prevents the roots from becoming waterlogged.
Place stones and mulch material at the bottom of the pot to a thickness of 3 to 5 cm.
The key is to spread the mulch loosely without compacting it.

10. Add new potting soil around the plant

If you remove rotten or moss-grown soil, you will need to add new potting soil.
First, add new potting soil around the roots. Next, fill the soil up to the base of the plant and lightly compact the surface of the soil to stabilize the plant.
After compacting the soil around the plant, add a small amount of soil to prevent the roots from coming out of the soil.

Q22. If you would choose a houseplant as a gift, which one would you choose?

Houseplants are also popular gifts for dear friends, family, and co-workers.
The big appeal is that you can decorate your interior and enjoy it for a long time.

As a gift, it is important to choose a size that takes space into account.
If you give a houseplant that is too large, the recipient will have trouble finding a place to put it, and it will cause trouble.
It would be a good idea to pay attention to the language of flowers and feng shui for each type of plant, assuming that it is a reasonable size that won't get in the way.

★Cactus

Cacti are very popular as small ornamental plants that are perfect for gifts.
Contrary to its thorny appearance, this cactus has a cute flower gap.
Cacti, which grow in harsh environments such as deserts and dry highlands, have a strong vitality and are popular because they don't take much time to grow.

Each type of cactus has its own language of flowers, but some flower languages that describe cacti in general include "burning heart," "greatness," "never withering love," and "warm heart."

The flower language of "burning heart" and "greatness" comes from the fact that cacti grow large and produce bright flowers even in blazing hot environments.
The flower language of "never withering love" comes from the fact that cacti grow without withering even in harsh environments.
Derived from the word "never withering love," the cactus also has the flower language of "warm heart."

★Coffee tree

The coffee tree is a stylish houseplant that is recommended for women who are particular about interior design.
Since it is sold in a small pot, it can be said to be an easy gift for both the giver and receiver.

The language of flowers is "Let's take a rest together."
In Feng Shui, it is said to have the effect of attracting "luck with money," "luck with work," and "luck with health."
The bright green leaves are sure to soothe the busy days of modern people.
Just having one in your room can create a wonderful mood in your space.
They are easy to care for, so even those who live alone will definitely appreciate them.

★Rubber tree

Rubber trees are ornamental plants that are native to India and Myanmar and prefer high temperatures and humidity.
It is a popular ornamental plant for interior decoration.
The contrasting color of the leaves and the characteristic curved trunk make it easy to match with your interior, creating a stylish atmosphere.

The language of flowers is "eternal happiness". It is said to be the language of flowers because it is durable and has strong vitality.
According to Feng Shui, it is said to have a "yang spirit" and is said to lead you to a bright future.

It is strong enough to grow even in somewhat adverse conditions, so even if you are busy with work, you won't have to worry about it dying.

★Monstera

Monstera is a popular ornamental plant with its stylish and unique leaf shape.
Many people may be familiar with this product as it is often seen in magazine interior features.
It is very easy to grow, so even beginners can grow it with confidence.

The language of flowers is "happy news," "grand plans," and "deep relationships."
Because it has the effect of feng shui to symbolize a bright future, it is popular as a gift to celebrate the start of a new journey.

★Bakira

The leaves are very beautiful in color and the trunk is also braided, making it popular among women as a stylish interior decoration.
It is characterized by five leaves that look like an outstretched hand, and it is resistant to pruning and is strong, so it easily sprouts new buds. There are few pests and you can easily place it anywhere.
It grows quickly and is easy to grow without much effort, making it popular among a wide range of people, from beginners to experts.

The flower language of Bakira is "cheerfulness", "victory", and "bringing luck".
According to Feng Shui, the leaves grow downwards, which is said to have the effect of calming bad spirits.

★Four leaf clover

The four-leaf clover is a symbol of happiness that everyone knows.
When you were a child, you probably heard that "if you find a four-leaf clover, you will be happy," and you have probably searched for it at least once.
If you're looking for a gift, a clover in a small pot is recommended.
For those who always want to see four leaves, it would be a good idea to choose an oxalis that has all four leaves.
It might be a good idea to choose a type with fewer four leaves and have people find the four leaves hidden among the three leaves.

★Love love heart

The recipient may feel a little embarrassed by the straightforward name Love Love Heart, but women will definitely appreciate it.
The scientific name is Hoya Kali, which is a succulent plant, and it also has other names such as Heart Hoya.

The language of flowers is "fulfilling love" and "telling happiness." The cute heart-shaped flower is exactly what it looks like in the language of flowers.
Its compact size makes it a fun ornamental plant to display anywhere.

★Dracaena

Dracaena, also known as the "Tree of Happiness," is characterized by its beautiful dark green leaves with bright green and yellow vertical stripes.

Although rare, white flowers may bloom. The language of flowers is "happy love" and "happiness that cannot be hidden".
According to Feng Shui, it is said to have the effect of "happiness" and "increase financial luck," and is also recommended as a gift for opening a business or a wedding.

★Gold Crest

The flowers are shaped like stars, with gentle colors such as pale green, pale yellow, and lime yellow.
The language of flowers is "unchangeable" and "live straight". This flower language was given because it grows upwards.
According to Feng Shui, if you display it outdoors in the north or southwest direction, it has the effect of "increasing your luck with children" and "warding off evil spirits."

The leaves have a scent similar to pepper or orange, and the scent is said to have relaxing, deodorizing, antibacterial and insect repellent effects.

★Longevity grass (Omoto)

Also known as "perpetual blue", it is popular as a durable and long-lived ornamental plant.
Since ancient times, it has been said that placing Bannenjo in your home will prevent disasters and ensure that your home continues to prosper for many years to come.
From this, flower language such as "longevity," "long life," and "eternal prosperity" were born.
It is also known as a good luck plant that wards off evil spirits and celebrates new beginnings.

★Rose of Jericho

Although it has the name "Rose," it is actually not a rose, but a fern plant that grows wild in the rocky areas of canyons in Mexico and Central America.
When it dries out, it looks brown and withered, but when it absorbs moisture, it revives again and again and spreads its lush green leaves, which is why it is also called "resurrection grass."
It is considered an auspicious plant, so it makes a great gift. It is said that they can live up to 100 years in completely dry conditions.

★Sansevieria

It is characterized by its sword-like leaf shape. It is known as an ornamental plant that generates a lot of negative ions, and the surface of its glossy leaves is smooth and pleasant to the touch.

The Japanese name "Chitose Orchid" means "long years or time."
Sansevieria has the flower language of "eternal" and "immortal" in connection with Chitose.
In Feng Shui, it is said to drive away evil spirits.
It is said to be the language of flowers that brings good luck, and because of this meaning, it is often used as a gift to celebrate moving, opening a store, wedding, or longevity.

★Everfresh

It is characterized by a series of small leaves, giving it a cool and sophisticated beauty.
And the biggest feature of Everfresh is its sleep exercise. It has a habit of spreading its leaves during the day and closing them at night as if it were sleeping.

The language of flowers is "joy" and "heartbeat."
This flower language originates from an ancient Chinese story about how a father who was always in a bad mood drank alcohol containing Everfresh and immediately became in a better mood.
It is said that this episode is the origin of the flower language, which means "heart beats," which means a symbol of marital harmony.

In Feng Shui terms, it increases luck in love and luck in encounters. In Feng Shui, plants that sway delicately in the wind are generally believed to bring good luck.
In ancient times, many people may have felt that the sight of the small leaves waving coolly was a sign of good luck.

Q23. What are the key points for good watering?

Just watering your houseplants regularly does not mean that they will grow well.
At first glance, watering seems like something that anyone can do easily, but in reality, watering is as important as light and is a very profound task when growing houseplants.
Watering varies depending on the type of plant, so it is difficult even for professional gardeners, and it is said that it takes many years of experience to find the optimal watering method.

The key to effective watering is to carefully set the timing, frequency, and time of watering.
If you water your houseplants carefully, they will grow quickly without dying.

In this article, we will introduce how to properly water, including how to check the timing of watering, as well as the recommended frequency, time of day, and amount to water.

[How to properly water houseplants]

The timing and amount of watering varies depending on the season, weather, temperature and humidity, as well as the size of the pot and the type of plant.
If you can give water flexibly according to conditions and circumstances, plants will grow freely without dying.

To avoid withering and enjoy the leaves and flowers for a long time, keep the following four points in mind.

1. How to check the timing
2. Approximate frequency
3. Time of giving
4. Amount to give

Rather than dying from dryness, plants surprisingly often die from root rot due to over-humidity.
Especially for beginners, you should be careful about the difference between dry soil and overwatering.

1. How to check the timing

There is a right time to water your houseplants.
If you give your plants plenty of water when they need it, they will stay fresh.
To find the right timing, be aware of the following four confirmation methods.

① Check the condition of leaves, stems, and trunks

When houseplants run out of water in their bodies, various changes appear in their leaves, stems, and trunks.
The leaves and stems droop to the ground and become limp, and the bark of the trunk is wrinkled and the core appears thin.
If the same condition continues for a week, there is a risk that the plant will wither, so give it plenty of water as soon as you notice it.

It is also important to notice the difference from usual before the condition gets really bad.
For example, if the leaves droop lower than usual or the tips turn brown, these are signs of a lack of water.
If the entire leaf starts to turn yellow, it may be due to root rot, so remove the plant from the soil and check the condition of the roots.

② Check the moisture level by the color of the soil

Check whether the soil in the pot is light brown or dark brown.
When the soil is light brown, the moisture on the soil surface is dry, and when it is dark brown, it is moist.
If it is difficult to judge by appearance, put your finger into the soil to check how moist it is and determine whether water is needed.
If the soil does not stick to the soil, it means that there is not enough water, so give it plenty of water.

③ Measure the weight of the pot

The weight of the pot varies greatly depending on the water content.
Hold a pot that has been watered in an appropriate condition and memorize its weight by feeling (preferably by measuring it), then judge based on the difference between the weight of the dry pot.
If the pot becomes lighter, it's a sign that the soil is dry, so water it.

④ Check using tools

In addition to using your fingers or weight, you can also check the condition of the soil using disposable chopsticks, cotton swabs, moisture checkers, etc.
If you use disposable chopsticks, use the type with pointed ends to avoid crushing the roots.
The moisture checker can instantly measure the moisture content of soil, so if you don't want to use disposable chopsticks or cotton swabs, please try it.

2. Approximate frequency

Watering for houseplants varies depending on the season, weather, quality of soil, type of plant, etc.
Plants are also living things, so they change depending on their characteristics and environment.
Generally speaking, it's 4-8 times a month in the summer, 1-3 times a month in the winter, and somewhere in between in the spring and fall.
However, this is just a guideline, so carefully observe whether the soil of the houseplants you are growing will dry out in that amount of time and adjust the frequency of watering.

For example, if you purchase a houseplant and the instructions say to water it once a week, it may not grow well if you ignore the environment and conditions and water it.
Be sure to understand as much as possible not only the preferred environment of the plant, but also the amount of water it will absorb depending on the type of plant.

3. Time of giving

I mentioned earlier that watering needs to be changed depending on the environment and type, but you also need to be careful about the time of day.
In the hot summer, it's best to go in the morning and evening when the temperature is cooler, and in the winter, it's best to go after 9 a.m. when the temperature is warmer.
In spring and autumn, it is generally appropriate to do it before noon, before the temperature rises.

3. Amount to give

When watering, it is important to give plenty of water to the dry soil.
It is not a good idea to give too much water at once, but be careful as even just a little water can cause the plant to wither.

By giving the plant enough water so that it spills out of the hole in the bottom of the pot, you can push out the carbon dioxide accumulated in the soil and replace it with new oxygen.
Watering so that fresh air circulates through the roots will prevent root rot.

Be sure to give plenty of water each time, regardless of the season.
In winter, when the air tends to be dry, moisture is less likely to evaporate, but in some cases the soil can dry out quickly, causing water shortages.
Just because it's winter, there's no need to drastically reduce the amount of water you use each time.

Q24. How should I apply fertilizer?

Just like other plants, fertilizers are essential for houseplants to grow well.
However, many people may be confused about what kind of fertilizer and how much to give.

In this article, we will introduce the fertilizers necessary for houseplants, how to use them, and precautions.

Fertilizer is an essential nutrient source for houseplants, just like light and water.
Lack of fertilizer can cause plants to lose their vitality and even die, so it should never be taken lightly.
However, it does not mean that it is better to give more fertilizer. The important point is to give the necessary amount at the right time.

Three important elements for houseplants

Nitrogen, phosphorus, and potassium, known as the "three major elements," are essential for plant growth.
A lack of these three can cause fatal damage to plants.

Nitrogen is an important nutrient for plants. It produces protein, becomes the source of chlorophyll, and grows leaves and stems.
A lack of nitrogen will cause poor growth, such as discolored leaves or leaf fall.

Phosphoric acid plays a major role in the growth of flowers and fruits.
It also helps in root growth.
A lack of phosphoric acid will affect flowering, reduce the number of flowers and fruits, and result in poor ornamental plants.
Potassium is a nutrient that helps plants grow strong.
A lack of potassium weakens the resistance of the plant as a whole, making it more susceptible to root rot and damage from pests and diseases.

Types of fertilizer for houseplants

Fertilizers can be broadly divided into organic fertilizers and chemical fertilizers. Each has different characteristics and effects, so it's best to use them depending on the scene.

Organic fertilizers are fertilizers made from oil residue, bone meal, cow dung, chicken dung, etc. derived from animal and plant sources.
After fertilization, microorganisms in the soil break down the fertilizer, which is then absorbed by plants.
It is a slow-acting drug that works slowly and for a long time, but it is long-lasting.
However, many organic fertilizers tend to attract flies and have a smell, so those who grow houseplants indoors should be aware of this.

Chemical fertilizers are fertilizers made chemically by decomposing various minerals.
It has excellent fast-acting properties. It does not easily get dirty and has little odor, so it is less likely to attract flies, making it suitable for growing indoors.

Use different types of fertilizers

In addition to the classification of organic fertilizers and chemical fertilizers, there are different types of fertilizers depending on their usage, such as base fertilizers, stationary fertilizers, and liquid fertilizers.

A starter fertilizer is a fertilizer that is added to the soil before planting or repotting plants, and can be considered the foundation for growing plants.
It is a slow-release type that works slowly and over a long period of time, playing the role of replenishing the nutrients in the soil.

After planting plants, fertilizer is mixed with soil in advance, but most commercially available soils contain base fertilizer.

Placed fertilizer is fertilizer placed near the soil surface.
Place it on the soil surface when planting or repotting plants. Slow-release solid fertilizers that dissolve little by little with each watering are common.
Another feature is that the fertilizer effect lasts because it is not mixed into the soil.
Slow-release chemical fertilizers are recommended because they have little odor. When applying fertilizer, be careful not to touch the roots directly.

Liquid fertilizer is a liquid fertilizer, and it is common to use commercially available liquid fertilizer by diluting it with water.
Since it is a liquid, nutrients can be absorbed quickly through the roots.
It is fast-acting, but not long-lasting.
It can be truly called a "nutrition drink" for plants, restoring the energy of flowers and houseplants, strengthening their roots, and encouraging more flowers to bloom.

Q25. When should I change the soil?

Knowing about the soil is one of the essential points for successfully growing houseplants.
In this article, we will introduce the characteristics of soil suitable for houseplants and how to replace it.

The soil of houseplants needs to be replaced

Have you ever had the bad experience of your houseplants suddenly becoming weak even though you water them regularly and give them proper light?
Maybe it's because of the soil.

If you use the same soil for a long time, drainage will be poor and the soil will become humid, which can cause plant roots to rot and attract insects.

When the soil is first placed in the pot, the small particles are smooth, allowing air to enter easily and allowing the roots to breathe.
If the soil is smooth, watering will easily distribute the water throughout the soil, and any unnecessary water will flow out from the bottom of the pot.

However, if you water repeatedly, the smooth soil will eventually become clay-like and the flow of water will become stagnant.
If the soil has poor ventilation and becomes congested, it will be difficult for the roots to breathe and they will lose space to grow.
This increases the possibility of root rot and the plant itself dying.

Fertilizers and soil amendments also gradually change the soil's original properties to acidic or alkaline.
For example, if you continue to use soil that has become alkaline for plants that prefer slightly acidic conditions, they may not grow well.

When planting, figure out what characteristics are suitable for the plant, and choose soil that has the characteristics that the plant prefers.
In any case, soil conditions change daily.
It is necessary to observe the condition of your houseplants daily and, if necessary, change the soil.

Points to consider when deciding when to replace

Slightly acidic to neutral soil is often used for houseplants, but if you continue to use it, it will become acidic and make it difficult for plants to grow.
Drainage may also become poor, making it difficult for roots to grow, and growth may stop.
As a rough guide, it is a good idea to replace it every 1 to 2 years.

Also, it is best to replace the soil during the warm season when the plants are growing.
The best time to replace them is from May, when the temperature begins to rise, to September, when the lingering heat and signs of autumn are mixed.

How to choose the right soil for ornamental plants

There are many different types of soil, each with their own characteristics.
Ideally, you should select and blend soil with excellent drainage, air permeability, and water retention, but the mixing process can be difficult for beginners, so it is best to use a commercially available blended soil if you are not used to it. recommend.

Commercially available soil specifically for houseplants already has a formulation suitable for the growth of houseplants.
Another great benefit is that it also contains fertilizer, so you don't have to worry about buying new fertilizer.

Q26. Are the lights for aquariums and ornamental plants different?

LED lights are now common for both aquarium lights and ornamental plants.

When LED lights first became popular, it was sometimes said that aquariums would not grow because LED lights did not contain much of the blue and red light necessary for photosynthesis.

However, recently, red and blue LEDs have become standard for aquarium LED lights.

There are many different ways to install LED lights, including those that are placed directly on top of the aquarium, free-standing types, clip types, and hanging types.
LED lights are often more compact and lighter than fluorescent lights, so even if you try using LED lights for your aquarium and feel like you don't have enough, the big advantage is that you can easily increase the number of LED lights.

If you install it near the aquarium, it will illuminate brightly, but it may get in the way during maintenance.
Therefore, it is easier to handle lights that are placed directly above the aquarium if they are lighter, considering that they will need to be moved during maintenance.
Even if you are particular about the interior design and have a beautiful aquarium layout, the LED lights can ruin its aesthetic appearance.
Nowadays, there are a wide variety of stylishly designed lights, so it's a good idea to consider the total balance and find one that suits your taste in terms of design.

When choosing an LED light, consider in advance what you want to prioritize, such as the effectiveness of the light itself, the design, and ease of maintenance.

Q27. Where can I buy houseplants?

Recently, it has become easy to buy houseplants online.
However, when shopping online, it is difficult to judge the size, health condition, etc. based on appearance because you cannot see it directly.
There are many different types of physical stores, so many people may be wondering what kind of store they should look for.

In this article, we will introduce the points you should know when choosing a store when buying houseplants.

Especially for beginners, I think that many people have no idea what kind of houseplant they should buy in the first place.
You want to look around a lot before deciding what store to buy.

There are mainly five stores where you can purchase houseplants:
１. Gardening store/flower shop
２. Home center
３. Interior shop
４. 100 yen shop
５. Online shopping

１. Gardening store/Flower shop
When you think of buying houseplants, the first thing you probably think of is a garden store or flower shop.
You can choose the houseplants you like by checking them out with your own eyes and hands.

In addition, gardening stores and flower shops have a wide variety of plants, and you can also choose ornamental plants for each season.
Because they are specialty stores, they often have knowledgeable staff, and a big advantage is that they can give advice on growing plants and recommend houseplants.

Some houseplants are larger than you, so be sure to check if you can have them delivered.

２. Home center
Many are suburban type, and are characterized by having a wide variety of ornamental plants in large areas.
Another good point is that many stores carry not only ornamental plants but also a wide variety of gardening materials such as pots, fertilizer, soil, and lighting.
However, since home centers are not specialist plants like gardening stores or flower shops, the condition of the plants often varies, and a certain amount of knowledge is required to select plants.

３. Interior shop
Stores that sell interior goods and miscellaneous goods, such as MUJI and IKEA, may also sell houseplants.

A feature of the interior shop is that there are many ornamental plants that can be enjoyed as interior greenery.
Although there aren't that many types, just going to see the stylish pots and how to arrange them will give you a lot of reference for your interior design.
Since there are many small ornamental plants, it is especially affordable for beginners.

４. 100 yen shop
Although there are not many types, there are many small palm-sized ornamental plants.
It's cheap, so it's suitable for people who want to stock up on lots of cute plants.

However, because the price is low, it is said that it is difficult for beginners to grow in terms of quality.
We recommend that you avoid making impulse purchases just because they are cheap, and that you become familiar with how to grow houseplants before purchasing.

５. Online shopping
The biggest advantage of online shopping is that you can use your smartphone to find a wide variety of houseplants that are difficult to find in stores.
At a physical store, you have to search for your favorite houseplants one by one, which can be difficult, but online shopping makes it easy to compare and consider houseplants.

However, one major disadvantage is that you cannot actually see or touch the plant, so you cannot judge the health status or size of the plant.
When purchasing online, be sure to purchase from a site that has clear policies regarding inquiries and return guarantees.
These days, you can check the reputation of online retailers through reviews and word of mouth, so be sure to check that before making a purchase.

Recently, due to the coronavirus pandemic, the demand for ornamental plants has increased significantly, and it has become easy to purchase them regardless of whether you are shopping at a brick-and-mortar store or online.
However, just like pets, houseplants are also living creatures. We want to create a proper growing environment and nurture them with love and care.
Rather than just saying you want something rare or expensive, it's a good idea to think about what will happen after you buy it and imagine in advance where you'll put it and how you'll display it.

Q28. How should I water when I will be away for a long time?

When growing houseplants, the most important thing to worry about is watering them when you are away from home on a trip or business trip.
Of course, unlike animals, there is no need to feed them or dispose of their excrement. But plants are also magnificent creatures.
Managing water, light, air, and temperature is essential for healthy growth.

This article introduces the relationship between plants and water, and how to manage watering while you are away.

In the world of gardening, there is a saying, "3 years of watering."
This means that it takes three years to learn how to properly water your plants without causing them to rot or die.
The way you water your plants has a big impact on your plants.

Our human and animal bodies are made up of approximately 60-70% water, but plants are made up of 90% water.

The freshness of plants is a sign that their cells are filled with water.
If they don't get enough water, they will quickly wilt and die. It is no exaggeration to say that plants = water.

How to manage while you are away

■ If you will be away for 2-3 days

Water your plants more than usual before you leave home.
Light is essential for plants, but if you leave them in direct sunlight for several days, the water will easily evaporate, so cover them with lace curtains or move them away from windows to prevent the sunlight from getting too strong.

If you are worried even if you will be away for a few days, it is a good idea to spread newspaper or coconut fiber on the surface of the soil in the pot to prevent moisture from evaporating.

If you have a portable houseplant, you can move it to a bathroom or other place to further reduce water evaporation.
However, avoid using the bathroom in midsummer or midwinter, as the temperature can change drastically.

■ If you will be away for 4 to 6 days

Although it varies depending on the type of plant, most plants require serious watering measures after 4 days or more.

There are three main methods:
1. Use a plastic bottle water dispenser
2. Use an osmotic water dispenser
3. Use water retainers

1. Use a plastic bottle water dispenser
A plastic bottle water dispenser is a method of using a plastic bottle by filling it with water and attaching a conical water supply cap.
This mechanism stops the water supply when the soil becomes sufficiently hydrated. Water supply caps can be purchased for around a few hundred yen, but the amount of water supplied varies depending on the product, so it is a good idea to test them beforehand.

Some have a valve to adjust the amount of water, while others let water seep out little by little through the unglazed material.
The length of time that water can be supplied depends on the size of the bottle, with some bottles lasting up to 20 days.

2. Use an osmotic water dispenser
To use a penetrating water dispenser, fill the supplied bottle or plastic bottle with water and insert the string coming out of the bottle into the soil.
A penetrating waterer will keep the soil at the right level of moisture.
This takes advantage of the "capillary phenomenon," a phenomenon that allows water to be sucked up without using electricity.
Since water is stored in a plastic bottle or bucket, it is suitable for ornamental plants that require a lot of water.

Also, the plant must be placed in a location where it can drain to avoid root rot due to overwatering.
We recommend trying it out in advance to get an idea of how much water is being drawn up and how much water is being supplied.

3. Use water retainers
Just by mixing the water retention agent with the soil, it absorbs moisture from the soil without wasting it and supplies it to the plants in the amount they need.
It is recommended for soils that are prone to dryness, as the number of times of watering can be drastically reduced.
Suitable for people who want to save water or cut the hassle of watering in half.
Some of them store not only water but also nutrients, and some prevent root rot, so if you use them on plants that are not doing well, they may be able to recover.

■ If you will be away for more than a week

Even if you are away for more than a week, you can basically use a plastic bottle water dispenser or a penetrating water dispenser.
However, if you are often away from home for long periods of time, it would be convenient to have a more professional water dispenser.
Water dispensers mainly include automatic watering planters and water dispensers with automatic timers.

Automatic watering planters have double-layered pots that allow water to seep into the soil from the bottom and replenish water through the roots.
Nowadays, there are many different designs and colors to choose from.
Some types have built-in management sensors and can be managed remotely using a dedicated app.

A water dispenser with an automatic timer can distribute water stored in a bucket using a tube.
You can automatically distribute water to multiple potted plants by setting a timer, so it is recommended for those who have many ornamental plants.

The amount of watering varies depending on the product, so choose the method you think is most appropriate depending on how often and how long you will be away.
Also, try it out before you actually go out.

Q29. What are some tips for decorating plants stylishly?

Houseplants add brightness and a refreshing atmosphere to a room.
They are popular not only as interior decorations for rooms, but also because you can enjoy growing them and watching them grow.
Many people place them in the hope that they will add color to a bare room, have a soothing effect, and freshen the air.

By knowing the following four basics, you can decorate your houseplants stylishly and enjoy growing them even more.

1. Display on the shelf
2. Place it on the floor
3. Hanging
4. Combine

1. Display on the shelf
Houseplants placed on shelves or desks tend to be relatively small, so it's a good idea to get a set of pots and saucers to match the plants.
Pots are available in a wide variety of materials and designs, including ceramics, synthetic resin, and iron.

You can also change the impression of the same plant by combining the pots.
Simply changing the color and taste of the pots can brighten up your space and create a sense of unity.
It will be more fun to choose a pot while thinking about the design and color that will match the combination with the plants and the interior of your room.

It is also recommended to use dead space by attaching boards to walls and stairs.
However, the size is limited in advance because you cannot store large items or many items at once.
Considering sunlight, it is a good idea to place something small and shade-resistant.

Plant lights also play a big role in creating an interior.
When choosing a light, consider whether the color of the light blends in with the interior, whether the shape is appropriate for the installation location, and whether it matches the size and amount of plants.

2. Place it on the floor
If you have a large room and have plenty of room, you'll want to place large plants that make a statement.
Adding just one large houseplant can instantly change the atmosphere of your living room.
In the case of small houseplants, the overall impression will not change much unless you increase the number to a certain extent.

Large plants have the advantage of being more resilient and less likely to wither than smaller ones.
For beginners or those who want to consider how well they match with the interior, it may be a good idea to start with large plants.

To make it look neat and tasteful, instead of arranging pots horizontally in parallel, display them in a triangular shape, keeping in mind the length, width, and depth, which will create more space.
You can avoid a cluttered look or a one-pattern look, and the look will be well-balanced, giving a sense of stability and volume.

Placing houseplants next to the curtains can also be used to coordinate the interior.
It depends on the amount of sunlight, but plants will grow well if they get enough light.
However, in winter when you close the curtains, the cold air may damage the plants, so keep a little distance from the window.

If you are placing it on the floor, you can use a planter stand to increase the height and make it a focal point of the space.
If you want to display more than one, you can easily combine them, and there are many different designs, so you can vary them.

3. Hanging
If your room is small and you don't have enough floor space, you can create a three-dimensional design by attaching hooks to the ceiling, pillars, curtain rails, lighting rails, etc. to hang pots.

If you want to hang it, we recommend climbing plants with drooping leaves. It's better to choose lightweight pots, such as baskets or plastic, to display your plants, so you don't have to worry about them falling.

4. Combine
Houseplants all have different shapes, so you can create a stylish atmosphere by combining multiple types wisely.
It would be interesting to gather plants of different heights to be aware of the differences in height, or to collect plants of the same variety and replant them in different pots.

It will be fun to think about not only plants, but also pot shapes and color combinations.
The variations of combinations are endless, such as unifying with rustic colors with a natural taste, keeping it simple with black for a modern taste, or adding patterned pots as an accent.

If you already have a style or theme for your room, you can choose pots that match that.
Just making small changes can completely change the atmosphere, so please try incorporating them.

When using a grow light, check whether the design matches the room.
Among the plant growing lights, there are also stylish lights that are highly decorative.
Being particular about the design will make growing plants even more fun.

Q30. What criteria should I use when choosing an LED light for growing plants?

When it comes to LED lights for growing plants, there are many different types in terms of brightness, shape, and price.
By choosing the right one according to the size and variety of the plant, you can effectively use the one that matches the characteristics of the plant.

In this article, we will introduce three points to consider when choosing the right LED light for growing plants.

1. Does the color of the light blend in with the interior?
2. Is it suitable for the installation location?
3. Is it appropriate for the size and quantity of plants?

1. Does the color of the light blend in with the interior?
The most popular color for LED plant growing lights is white, but there are many other types besides white, such as light bulb color, pink, and colors close to purple.
However, plants require red and blue light, which are used for photosynthesis and light signal transmission, so if you want to be particular about color, choose a light that includes red and blue.

2. Is it suitable for the installation location?
LED plant growth lights come in a variety of shapes, including those that only have LED bulbs, as well as stand types and clip types.
The desired functions and uses will vary depending on where you want to install it, so use the selection method below as a reference to choose the LED light that is perfect for you.

The shape of the LED plant light is a key factor that greatly affects its usability.
Some shapes may not be suitable, so be sure to check the size and shape carefully before choosing.

■ Arm type
The arm type allows you to finely adjust the amount of light that hits you by bending and extending the flexible arm.
Many arm-type models are compact, so they are suitable for growing small ornamental plants.

When growing houseplants in large pots, pay attention to the length of the arms. Be sure to check the size and arm length of your houseplant before purchasing.

■ Stand type
If you want to grow large ornamental plants, a stand-type light is recommended.
The advantage of the stand type is that it can be placed anywhere and the neck can be bent, making it easy to adjust the angle.
A tall stand type can provide sufficient light even for large ornamental plants.

There are many stylish designs, so it's perfect for those who are particular about interior design. It also matches relaxing spaces such as living rooms and bedrooms.

■ Clip type
You can use it like a spotlight.
It is very versatile as it can illuminate a variety of ornamental plants, regardless of size.
Convenient to attach directly to shelves etc.
If you want to illuminate a wide area from the ceiling, we recommend attaching light bulbs to lighting rails using sockets.
You will need a place where you can clip it, so be sure to check the installation location in advance.

■ Hanging type
It can deliver light over a wide area.

It overcomes the disadvantages of LED lights, which have a narrow irradiation range, and allows multiple plants to be bathed in uniform light.
It takes a little more effort than other LED lights because it needs to be hung from the ceiling.
Also, since many models are large, sufficient installation space must be secured.

3. Is it appropriate for the size and quantity of plants?
Small, palm-sized plants don't need large lights, and a single small light won't be enough to illuminate many plants.
To be effective, you need to choose a light that matches the size and number of plants.

If you have a large number of plants, it is important to consider the placement of the plants and lights to ensure effective lighting.
If you need several items, you tend to buy them all at once, but it might be a good idea to try one out first and see how it goes.

The following are popular recommended items from BARREL. Please feel free to use it as a reference.

[AMATERAS]

Amaterasu is famous and popular among plant lovers.
This LED plant growing light is supported by people who grow not only ornamental plants but also tuberous plants and ferns.
Since it is designed mainly for blue wavelengths, it is ideal for creating a space with a sense of transparency rather than warmth.
It looks like a normal light, so you can use it like a spotlight for plants to supplement the light.
The coloring that does not interfere with the interior is also a great feature.
It can be used as a lighting rail or stand depending on the location and purpose.

[TSUKUYOMI]

"Tsukuyomi" was created under the supervision of kumanomi360, who is known as a plant breeding specialist.
Since it uses wavelengths close to that of sunlight, the viewing experience is almost as clear as under sunlight.
"Amaterasu" has a strong bluish hue, but "Tsukuyomi" mainly emits red wavelengths that promote photosynthesis, so it illuminates plants with warm light, and you can expect them to grow with a glossy color.